When applied topically or injected into the skin, exosomes release their payload of bioactive molecules, which penetrate deep into the dermal layer to:

1. Stimulate Collagen Production: Exosomes contain growth factors that activate fibroblasts, the cells responsible for producing collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. This leads to improved skin elasticity, firmness, and hydration.

2. Enhance Cell Turnover: Exosomes promote the removal of damaged skin cells and stimulate the growth of new, healthy cells, resulting in a brighter, more even-toned complexion.

3. Modulate Inflammation: Exosomes have anti-inflammatory properties, which help to reduce redness, irritation, and inflammation, creating a more balanced and resilient skin environment.

4. Improve Skin Barrier Function: Exosomes help to repair and strengthen the skin's natural barrier, preventing water loss and protecting against environmental stressors.