General Recommendations and Rules for Preparing the Patient for Tests
- Maria Sazhina
- Jan 17, 2023
- 4 min read
Updated: Aug 5, 2024
Recommendations for how to prepare for blood test
Blood for most studies is taken strictly on an empty stomach, that is, when at least 8 hours pass between the last meal and taking blood (preferably at least 12 hours). Juice, tea, coffee, must also be excluded. You can drink water. 1-2 days before the examination, exclude fatty foods and alcohol from the diet. An hour before taking blood, it is necessary to refrain from smoking. Before donating blood, you need to exclude physical activity.
The recommended time is between 7 and 9 o'clock in the morning, for hormones and indicators of the hemostasis system (coagulological studies) - strictly before 10.00.
Patient preparation:
1-2 days before the study, you should not eat fatty foods and alcohol;
1 hour before the study, exclude physical and emotional stress, smoking;
on the day of the study, the intake of medications must be coordinated with the attending physician;
on the day of the study, the drinking regime: only water in the usual volume, you can not drink tea, coffee, juice, etc. drinks;
the day before the study, the last meal is no later than 19.00.
Contraindications to research: it is impossible to donate blood after physiotherapy procedures, instrumental examination, X-ray and ultrasound examinations, massage and other medical procedures.
Special preparation rules and additional restrictions for a number of tests in addition to general recommendations
Urea, uric acid - 2-3 days before the study, it is necessary to exclude the liver from the diet and limit meat, fish, coffee, tea as much as possible in the diet.
Cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins and low-density lipoproteins - 1-2 days before the proposed study, do not eat fatty, fried foods, 2 weeks before the study, it is necessary to cancel drugs that lower the level of lipids in the blood (in consultation with a doctor).
Glucose - in the morning, exclude the use of contraceptives, diuretics (in consultation with a doctor).
Thyroid hormones - exclude taking any medications on the day of the study (affecting thyroid function, aspirin, tranquilizers, corticosteroids, oral contraceptives).
PSA (general, free) - blood for examination can be donated no earlier than 2 weeks after prostate biopsy and prostate massage; the post-surgical level is determined no earlier than 6 weeks after the intervention.
CA-125 - it is more informative to take it 2-3 days after menstruation.
Blood testing for the presence of infections - citrus fruits, orange fruits and vegetables should be excluded from the diet 2 days before blood donation for viral hepatitis; blood for the presence of IgM class antibodies to infectious agents should be carried out no earlier than 5-7 days from the moment of the disease, IgG, IgA class antibodies no earlier than 10-14 days, if there are questionable results, it is advisable to conduct a repeat analysis after 3-5 days - to coordinate with the doctor!
General recommendations and rules for preparing the patient for stool tests
Feces are collected after spontaneous defecation. The sample is taken into a universal container with a screw cap, in a volume equal to 1/2 teaspoon or spoon-spatula, in the lid of the container from various places of the obtained biological material, with a total volume of no more than 1/3 of the container volume. Special instructions: for microbiological studies of feces, the sample should be taken only in a sterile medical container with a screw cap.
Preparation of the patient: The sample for the study is collected under the conditions of the usual drinking regime and the nature of nutrition. 3-4 days before the study, it is necessary to cancel taking medications that affect secretory processes and peristalsis (laxatives, enzymes, sympathomimetics, bismuth and iron preparations), as well as interfering with the study (rectal candles). When fecal culture is prescribed for the microflora, the biomaterial is collected before the start of treatment with antibacterial and chemotherapeutic drugs, if this is not possible, then the study is carried out no earlier than 12 hours after the withdrawal of drugs. To reliably determine the hidden blood, the patient must exclude meat, fish, green vegetables, tomatoes and medicines containing metals (iron, copper) from the diet 3 days before the study. Pay attention to the patient when collecting feces in a container, avoid admixture of urine and secretions from the genitals. It is unacceptable to deliver feces for examination in matchboxes, cardboard boxes, adapted dishes.
Contraindications to the collection and delivery of the analysis: to obtain reliable results, the study is not carried out in patients with bleeding (hemorrhoids, prolonged constipation, gum disease with signs of bleeding, menstruation), after an X-ray examination of the stomach and intestines (fecal analysis is permissible no earlier than two days later). You can not conduct a study after an enema! It is recommended that the resulting stool sample be delivered immediately to the laboratory, or no later than 30-40 minutes after receipt, provided it is stored in a medical container at T = + 2 + 4 ° C (it is of particular importance when assigning studies to the simplest!).
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